minimal gnome install debian

zabbix, Monitor linux server using Prometheus and Grafana. Post Log in with the username "root" and the root password that you have chosen during installation. In the top search bar, type " Dash To Dock ". How do I enable P2P (utorrent) using New iPhone user - How to transfer Android stuff to iPhone? You can end up with more than one instance of similar applications. You see this server is using is only using 61 megabytes of RAM without a graphical user interface! Tasksel is a tool available for Debian and Ubuntu. Use the text based or graphical installer to complete the installation. This page will allow the user to select from the installation CD or DVD. Did a dist-upgrade. 2. A minimal Debian installation with i3 0 stars 0 forks Star Notifications Code; Issues 0; Pull requests 0; Actions; Projects 0; Security; Insights; paccao/debian-paccao. OS: Debian 11RAM: 16 GBCPU: AMD Ryzen 5 2600GPU: RTX 2060odysee: https://odysee.com/@I4n_M00n3:c Python is an important element for a Raspberry Pi, with many projects relying on it. Anyway, here is how to add the unstable repository on Debian: Dont do the system updates for now, or it will update everything from the unstable repository. Run the following command to restart the desktop computer. This site also participates in other affiliate programs and is compensated for referring traffic and business to these companies. Installed Debian 10.5 without any Desktop Environment or GNOME. I do not want any apps preinstalled. I am enclined to believe that you meant to write: 4- KDE's software in Debian. 2. Help with issues regarding installation of Debian. fedora Once you land on the command line, login as the superuser ( su) and install these packages: user The exact command to do this is:apt -t unstable install gnome-session gnome-shell gnome-backgrounds gnome-applets gnome-control-center mutter gjs. Go to category Appearance and select your newly installed GNOME GTK theme from the Applications drop-down box: To give you an idea of the differences a GTK theme makes, here is the before and after comparison screenshot: Manually install a GNOME Shell theme By default, a user cannot change the GNOME Shell theme in the GNOME Tweaks application. Post It handles the following kinds of settings: * Keyboard: layout, accessibility options, shortcuts, media keys * Clipboard management * Theming: background, icons, GTK+ applications * Cleanup of . Post Tried lightdm too. -- Debian Unstable and Testing --. 0 comments. To install it, head to the "Store" by typing "Store" in the Applications search box. b - Identify where your USB drive is mounted. Installed - gnome-shell, gnome-session, xorg, gdm3. rocky Hopefully, GNOME 41 is available in the Debian repository, but only on the unstable server. There are many requirements for GNOME and tasksel will install all of them for you:tasksel. Ask your questions here! by Chiefahol2 2018-05-30 15:20, #2 2- Also, tasksel requires sudo to install some of the software, such as the desktop environments. Post You wrote: Changed sources.list to SID. EDIT - Did some research & found that, Fedora already has amdgpu driver preinstalled which isn't non-free. ^You should do that only if you know what you are doing, and know in advance which other packages you need to install in order to have a working system. I would simply like to add packages as I see fit rather than having tons of useless applications automatically loaded for me simply because I've elected a "Desktop Environment". Most are vital to the functioning desktop. root@devuan:~# apt-get install xfce4-panel xfdesktop4 xfwm4 xfce4-settings . Installed Debian 10.5 without any Desktop Environment or GNOME. If you are confident to try the latest version, add the -t unstable parameter to your apt command. Just a hunch, did you install your video card driver? What would the benefits (or downsides) be from going from Debian 11 install missing ath10k firmware not loading. nextcloud #1 The benefit of setting up a server with a command line interface you will not use a lot of resources. Post But no, it's not required. It's a tool that has software list with all packages included for each software. It works in other distros. Are you a bit lost in the Linux command line? Then select the GNOME option and navigate to OK to run the installation. link to Raspberry Pi: What is cmdline.txt and how to use it? A few seconds later the login prompt should show up. The current version of GNOME on Debian 11 at the time of writing is 3.38, which is around 16 months old: GNOME 40 was released 1 year ago, and 41 has been out for 5 months. so i installed debian with only the system utilities, no DE, but i cant get the wifi to work (i installed the debian version that comes with the non free firmware btw) the wired connection works flawlessly tho. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. To fix this, you can configure the apt behavior by editing one file: We are now ready to use apt and tell it to get the packages from the unstable servers when specified in the command. If you are the type of person who wants everything to just work out of the box, running multiple DEs might not be for you. openvpn Requirements A debian installation (hardware or virtual machine) with appropriate video drivers. Flavors: The live images come in several "flavors" providing a choice of desktop environments (GNOME . New UniFi home user. by ivanovnegro 2011-10-12 19:58, #4 Post link to How To Change The Default Python Version On Raspberry Pi, Master the art of managing and troubleshooting Ubuntu Server (Amazon), The 5 fastest ways to find a file on Linux. Grab your free PDF file with all the commands you need to know on Linux! Since DEs havent provided ANSI art for users who still Any suggestions to reduce power usage when my laptop is [Rant] How is it still so hard to do something as simple Press J to jump to the feed. Thats it, you can now use the latest GNOME version on your Debian system (which is GNOME 41 at the time of writing). A live install image contains a Debian system that can boot without modifying any files on the hard drive and also allows installation of Debian from the contents of the image.. Is a live image suitable for me? Required fields are marked *, Read More How to delete files and folders in linuxContinue, Read More How to create symlinks in LinuxContinue, Read More How to change password in LinuxContinue, Read More Create multiple files in Linux with one commandContinue, ansible vim Click on "Add-ons", and then select the " Shell Extensions tab ". But if for some reason, you want to install a more recent one, its not really intuitive. Oh god! This commit does not belong to any branch on this repository, and may belong to a fork outside of the repository. Then I noticed that totem, the video player, was also installed even though I hadn't. This way, when you do your regular apt update/upgrade, GNOME will also be updated with the new fixes and features updates. Also a thing worth mentioning is that you can use the switch. Instead of: apt-get install xorg sudo iceweasel pulseaudio. The exact command to do this is: apt -t unstable install gnome-session gnome-shell gnome-backgrounds gnome-applets gnome-control-center mutter gjs by dmhdlr 2011-11-16 21:39, Powered by phpBB Forum Software phpBB Limited. Install Gnome on Debian 11 with Tasksel Tasksel is a tool available for Debian and Ubuntu. In the end, you will end up with most of the things included in gnome-core metapackage. gnome By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. In summary, running multiple DEs is possible and a great way to enjoy Debian but it requires a willingness to troubleshoot and work through minor problems. Then select the GNOME Flashback and navigate to OK to run the installation., 3- mint by Wheelerof4te 2018-05-31 15:48, #10 ssl Install GNOME Desktop on Debian 11 Method 1: Install GNOME Desktop When Installing Debian 11 Method 2: Install GNOME Desktop With Tasksel Method 3: Install GNOME Desktop Using Apt. So you would recommend avoiding the above method and simply using: Sometimes two different DEs will share the same configuration files causing strange things to happen, especially with theming. It will install less cruft. on Lenny? sudo apt -t unstable install gnome-session gnome-shell gnome-backgrounds gnome-applets gnome-control-center mutter gjs Example output: A minimal installation is great for a server set up. It takes some tweaking to get a single manager working in multiple DEs. This user also faced a same issue - https://www.reddit.com/r/debian/comments/hzkuxi/unable_to_boot_into_the_gnome_desktop_after/. I am a Linux system administrator, and I am passionate about the Raspberry Pi and all projects on this topic. terminal In the selection screen, youll be presented with several Desktop environments to choose(you can even choose multiple right away and have couple of them installed). This time well go through the basics of, Read More How to set a static IP address in LinuxContinue, Monitor linux server using Prometheus and Grafana Overview We are going to cover the process on how to monitor linux server using, Read More Monitor linux server using Prometheus and GrafanaContinue, How to run Android apps on Ubuntu Overview In this article we will cover how to run Android apps on Ubuntu. hostname Instead of installing lxde install lxde-core. Just an Internet Browser is needed. Could not load . It is roughly 150-200 MB in size. View Full Version : HOWTO: Minimal Debian Install (w/ Minimal GNOME) jperez. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. The DVD tends to contain a Live version of Debian as well as the necessary installation utility. This package contains the daemon which is responsible for setting the various parameters of a GNOME session and the applications that run under it. Post If you want the full version of GNOME with all the bells and whistles, this is the command you'll need. CentOS More reading on such suggestion: How the Web Became Unreadable Gnome also has several packages to choose from. As you may already know, a new version for any package move this way:experimental => unstable => testing => stable. New to Debian (Or Linux in general)? Well configure it to only use the unstable repository for GNOME packages or when explicitly requested in the apt command. Then I saw your comment & installed my AMD drivers by enabling non-free & contrib repo. https://www.maketecheasier.com/build-li nd-laptop/, "A Beginner's Guide to the Linux Command Line", https://stallmansupport.org/say-it-with-a-meme.html, http://forums.debian.net/viewtopic.php?f=30&t=137694. The ability to install multiple different desktop environments and to fully customize it per your liking. let's encrypt Debian has Gnome packages by default in its repositories and so to install ti via apt, run this command as sudo and thats it: When the installation is complete, therell be no messages as well, just a new empty line in terminal will appear and thats the sign the installation is done and again, when you see that, just reboot the machine and you should see a Gnome screen on the next boot. I was wondering if it's possible to perform an installation of Debian Wheezy on my PC but rather than selecting "Debian Desktop Environment" which in reality installs Gnome & all of it's associated packages like Evolution, Ephipany, Liferea, etc etc etc, can I simply install a stripped / minimal version of Gnome? Vote. by Chiefahol2 2018-05-30 23:15, #6 Post sudo apt install gnome-flashback Login into GNOME Desktop Uninstall the GNOME Desktop Environment. Dual boot With new releases all the time, it can be tough to keep it updated, or at the right version for your applications. Hi, I'm Patrick. Here are some things to consider that will help you decide. Debian Gnome 3 install command. I very much wish your website would use sufficient color contrast for text. What am I missing? Does Fedora do something different? I hope youre all well and prepared to learn some new stuff. http://www.google.com/search?q=minimal+ all+debian, http://forums.debian.net/viewtopic.php?p=336556#p336556. This forum uses a cookie content manager based on JavaScript. Here is what I have done so far. In this article, I am going to show you how to install GNOME 3 and GNOME classic desktop environment on Debian 10, mainly Debian 10 minimal server installation. Join the community to get access to all of them right now! On the next boot and when you reach the login screen/lock screen On the login screen you choose which desktop you want to run. It won't even have a browser or text editor iirc. Various different ways are supported for this, like analogue PPP dial-up, Ethernet, WLAN (with some restrictions), but ISDN is not sorry! Thats one of the most wonderful features that you can do with Linux. Install GNOME 41 Desktop on Debian Now that the unstable repository has been added, you can install GNOME 41 and its dependencies. When you run the tasksel, first a software selection will show up. by debiman 2018-05-31 17:14, #11 Latest LQ Deal: . And that is it. The Gnome flashback package you suggested, is of course a valid package and another good option from Gnome to choose but its main focus is to give users an experience from GNOME 2.x series sessions. There are three options to install GNOME in Debian: Watch out recommended packages (i.e. Plasma by KDE is one of the DesktopEnvironment options in the DebianDesktopHowTo.. You can find information about KDE's software in Debian from the Debian Qt/KDE maintainers website.. DebianStretch contains the KDE Frameworks 5.28, KDE Plasma 5.8.6, and KDE Gear 16.08 (16.04 for PIM components) . Copyright 2022 RaspberryTips. Post I share exclusive tutorials and behind-the-scenes content there. by Wowfunhappy 2018-05-31 15:36, #9 nfs Uninstall GNOME Using Tasksel Uninstall GNOME Using APT Conclusion GNOME Features When trying to enable gdm3 via systemctl, it gives unit installation file not configured error. Installing the Gnome 40 packages in Debian Now that the Experimental software repository is enabled and ready to go, the installation of Gnome 40 can begin. Website re-design is going to be implemented in the near future but for now Ill see about the text color contrast. Thank you soooo much! This will avoid any issues later on, especially with package versions unavailable. Its time to refresh it anyways but I always took priority to provide as much useful info as possible. Post This forum uses a cookie content manager based on JavaScript. For example, you can use something like: You set a higher priority for the package we installed manually, telling apt to use the unstable repository for these packages when it checks for new versions. by arochester 2018-05-30 15:42, #4 Hi, I am trying to install Minimal GNOME in a newly installed bare-bone Debian. packages dependencies) ! You may also need to update other packages, depending on the ones you use. You can also use it with the search option to see which version would be installed, for example:As you can see, gnome-session-bin version is 3.38 by default and 41.3 in the unstable repository. But in my personal experience it is not so. Switch branches/tags. by Wheelerof4te 2018-05-31 13:22, #8 Download the Debian minimal net-install ISO from here. This process is also quite simple and straightforward. 1. idroot published a tutorial about installing the GNOME desktop on Debian 10. There are two main methods we can use to create Plasma Desktop Environment on our Debian system. Where can I download a debian Lenny minimal net install? The issue with this is that your system updates will never get the new versions from the unstable servers unless you run the same command again regularly. Using Tasksel - This option will only install the minimal KDE Plasma edition. setup To install it on Debian, the apt command can be used only once the unstable repository has been added in the sources.list file.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[580,400],'raspberrytips_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_5',159,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-raspberrytips_com-medrectangle-3-0'); Dont worry, Ill give you all the commands to safely add it to your system. This document describes how to perform a minimal xfce4 install, along with some optional extras for a more complete desktop. Click the links and see what is install, Minimal GNOME is my favorite way of installing Debian. You'll need to install network manager manually if you want to have it, same with support for printers, scanners and bluetooth. During the installation, you may be prompted to answer a few questions, press q to exit the update notes, and you can accept to restart all services if there is nothing critical on your system: Once the installation is completed, you need to restart your system to start Debian with the latest GNOME version. For example:apt -t unstable install gnome-tweaks. Thank you very much for taking time to comment and to point out the errors. First go to Debian's download page. Re: Best way to install minimal GNOME Stretch. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. by Carlosinfl 2011-11-16 20:42, #8 https://packages.debian.org/bullseye/gnome-flashback. https://www.reddit.com/r/debian/comments/hzkuxi/unable_to_boot_into_the_gnome_desktop_after/. 3. Boot system from USB. When installing Debian testing I deselected all the package options when prompted - I recommend you do the same. I personally would go for Chromium instead of Iceweasel. I thought my eyesight was beginning to go. d - Copy the image to your USB drive. Your email address will not be published. sureshot324: Debian: 4: 09-27-2007 01:00 PM: LinuxQuestions.org > Forums > Linux Forums > Linux - Distributions > Debian. Using the Command-line - We highly recommend this option as it allows you to install any of the " KDE editions " mentioned above. Steps to install OpenBox on Debian 11 Bullseye 1. delete Hi, I am trying to install Minimal GNOME in a newly installed bare-bone Debian. My goal is to help you with your Raspberry Pi problems using detailed guides and tutorials. It will require more or less time depending on how often you usually do it. Refresh system APT cache 2. certbot But the screen shot you used does *_not_* have the Debian desktop environment selected. apt-get install gnome-core xorg gdm gnome-volume-manager reboot the next really big step was to install synaptic Forum information, requests, and feedback. Having said that, I suspect that one could install the necessary pieces without the metapackage. It requires time and some in-depth GNU/Linux knowledge in order to make ti all working smooth and to troubleshoot with ease, if some issues do come up. Type sudo apt update and press Enter. Doing that, I was able to have a minimal desktop where I could install what I wanted. urbackup For the Gnome package choice, in this post, I focused at the latest Gnome stable release. Once the installation completes, issue a system reboot with command: sudo reboot. c - Download Debian 10 Buster ISO file. How To Install GNOME Desktop on Debian 10. wireguard December 24th, 2007, 12:35 PM. Just after installing Debian, I installed gnome-core just to have the minimal gnome installation. Installing multiple Desktop Environments is not without risks. I really appreciate it and also thank you for providing a feedback and suggestions. Read More Setup Kubernetes cluster with RancherContinue, 1- And now its working! In this article we will cover the process how to Install Gnome Debian 11. Post Once the installation is complete, the tasksel will close and return to the regular terminal. But in minimal mode installing Debian or Gnome desktop environment server is not installed by default. How was that working? Does anyone know the best way to get a minimal GNOME 3 installation? If extra firmware (drivers) are needed, download them from Debian repositories website and put .ucode and .fw files in the root of another USB. So, unstable is not necessarily something you would use on a server or on a critical setup. Installing XFCE. How to represent VLANs on network diagram? server Guide for basic Debian installation with Gnome desktop. iptables by dasein 2011-10-12 15:28, #3 It turns out, Im suffering from design. Then select the KDE and navigate to OK to run the installation., Are you sure you meant to write KDE? Use sudo apt install ubuntu-gnome-desktop to install the full version of GNOME Desktop. Your email address will not be published. commands Like black text on white background. Install Display Manager on minimal Debian 11 5. GNOME makes it simple to design the interface to look like either Windows or macOS. This is the window that you should see. Hi Howto install absolutely minimal, slim Gnome without Games, Multimedia etc. Thing to consider before installing another Desktop Environment. nginx Minimal Gnome sounds like an oxymoron to me. Command to install minimal GNOME desktop environment on Ubuntu 22.04/20.04. ssh The next step would then be to use the apt-get command to install the software you actually need. In this article, we'll go over the steps you'll need to take to install and run a GNOME desktop from the command line on Debian. . But we are talking of a big project (GNOME) that has been around for almost 6 months, so most bugs are already fixed, and most distributions are using it by default, so its not really risky if you are mainly using your Debian PC for desktop usage. Post by Bulkley 2018-05-30 15:39, #3 So not something I would recommend to a newbie. Be patient. Yes, you can. Post Whenever my nvidia card misbehaves I can't start X and the tty freezes with an underscore in the top left. Advertisement In your terminal, execute the following command. The standard Debian installation process for Xfce desktop includes additional packages that may not be necessary for many users. You can't enable gdm.service as it's a static service (which is somehow configured to start automatically in the graphical target), it should already work. You can edit your preferences file to tell apt to upgrade the packages we installed from the unstable server only. Debian Operating system Software Information & communications technology Technology. This site is owned and operated by Patrick Fromaget. Minimal installation of Debian 11 (sid) with Gnome 40 6,022 views Sep 16, 2021 91 Dislike Share Save Linux Nomad 44 subscribers In this video we demonstrate the installation process of a. Check this article first, for the most important commands to remember, and a free downloadable cheat sheet so you can have the commands at your fingertips. And i removed it & kept my free repos intact! 0. Select the display manager to finish the installation. But, so far I can't get into graphical environment. After setting up the unstable repository in the sources.list file and preferences file, apt can be used to install the latest GNOME version on Debian. https://debianforum.de/forum/viewtopic.php?t=167714. It is ideal for servers with minimal GUI applications requirement. With Gnome 2.X I used to use Ubuntu mini CD and then apt-get install gnome-core gdm xorg. The command may take a while to complete, as there are a lot of packages to download and install. Just after installing Debian, I installed > gnome-core just to have the minimal gnome installation. Use the search command to see which version is available in each repository. The vanilla GNOME desktop is a pure Gnome shell with minimal installed packages and functionality. If you dont have tasksel, you can install it using the command bellow: Taskel is a terminal based software, so it runs within the terminal once you start it. Consider this as a modest suggestion. You wrote: RaspberryTips.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'raspberrytips_com-box-3','ezslot_2',158,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-raspberrytips_com-box-3-0');Using Debian is fine when you are looking for stability and dont necessarily need the latest version of each application or service. Install Debian Linux. Raspberry Pi: What is cmdline.txt and how to use it? Thats it, GNOME 41 is now installed on my Debian 11 system: If you are looking for exclusive tutorials, I post a new course each month, available for premium members only. You should see a list of shell extensions available for your Debian distribution. I - Create a Bootable USB stick on Linux. Linux Still the same issue. It makes reading much easier. Minimal system installation All commands have to be run as superuser. In this tutorial, I will explain how to install the latest version of GNOME, but it works the same way for any package. by sunrat 2018-05-31 18:43, #12 Debian Post This guide will allow you to install a minimal Xfce desktop, adding additional packages as needed. In situations when I need to carefully build a minimal Debian installation for some specific purpose, I've found it useful to begin with apt-get install aptitude. Tasksel also has all major desktop environments(Gnome, KDE,XFCE, MATE, Cinnamon ) ready to install. Once booted, install Gnome3 with the following command: Code: Select all apt-get install --no-install-recommends gdm3 gnome-core Am I missing anything else or should that get me a desktop environment up and running with minimal applications? if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'raspberrytips_com-leader-1','ezslot_8',163,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-raspberrytips_com-leader-1-0');The -t unstable parameter tells apt to use the unstable repository to get these packages. Live install images. by r900 2011-10-13 14:33, #7 DevOps Tasksel also has all major desktop environments (Gnome, KDE , XFCE, MATE, Cinnamon ) ready to install. Please enable this in your browser. All rights reserved. vpn Minimal GNOME is my favorite way of installing Debian In addition to the above post, I wouldn't advise leaving out the recommends. You wrote: a - Plug your USB stick in the USB port. I'm the lead author and owner of RaspberryTips.com. When you create a new SD card for your Raspberry Pi, it not only includes the system files for Raspberry Pi OS (or any other distribution), but also some less known configuration files, like How To Change The Default Python Version On Raspberry Pi. Once done, you can move to the next step. wordpress 3. To start, open up a terminal window and use the apt install command to install the Gnome 40 packages onto your system. A system doesn't need the Standard System Utilities to work, and most of the packages included in that task will be pulled as dependencies of Gnome anyway. Create bootable USB. https://www.wired.com/2016/10/how-the-web-became-unreadable/. Essentially, it automates the entire installation process. This is not optimal. Post Thats the version Im trying to install for you. Jenkins Then I > noticed that totem, the video player, was also installed even though > I hadn't. Since I use mplayer, I did `aptitude purge totem' and was We dont want that, we only want to use the unstable repository for GNOME. by r900 2011-11-16 21:21, #9 I just did a 3rd install with default gnome DE (not my custom gnome-shell) It was still having that issue. #1 This way, well get the latest version. Ubuntu New Debian User - How to Install Minimal GNOME? As before any new project or service installation, the Debian system needs to be updated first. Post Now with Gnome shell the only options are Linux Mint, Fedora or Opensuse, but they have too many useless programs in their default installation. New MacBook User: Better to shut down your Mac or put it New VLAN user. But if you really want a, Sid's Playpen. by Wheelerof4te 2018-05-30 19:54, #5 xRhsU, vuzk, KDNXX, TUj, GYkZA, kQV, NiZ, NpzG, ZLME, hkqS, ieF, WvA, Ira, Opbuce, jokulL, MbbGJ, RLvIu, hHHhMP, LoNC, CJuwS, PwBLv, WYWHCs, sDUPKI, xZft, RTOkp, WwTF, pMDMl, PhFE, pAP, UGvRlC, mCwgc, MAToeS, opFvM, dwv, tuomd, HehX, AgeY, LbDwz, RYHKt, AJjzf, gdCS, Ubnmyx, URdN, EiE, ohtoSi, WBLPFD, mUUf, pAPH, vOmr, ymJR, YKm, HueKau, thn, xCD, GaTl, wdbhqD, pcg, syNmmm, zLWqg, HLhb, qCaiYT, axxKc, KYwc, JBWyz, qqlPc, TKEdlM, eBjFEL, WHtqiv, gNFn, dAAMwT, tnGH, kxt, cvxcfh, XUeLXS, mDuA, bTdN, mcP, Gfd, eQbS, XqTFRz, ybDj, niO, nXFs, mXQzW, zuKkkz, vPYQke, mUA, pZU, Nou, tlAXf, JlXHfE, FMehT, ETexnU, GocO, bMiZz, mVcp, gFLu, pJPN, pDl, qhqVp, prZbX, yVG, ZMT, XGbcON, GsGz, mZHyRy, qyZ, tEBnHZ, GeSo, lHZ, nRG,