It's clear that Benz didn't create the first automobile lock, stock, and cylinder barrel from scratch. This example on display is a high-quality replica of the Patent-Motorwagen, with nearly all the details replicated exactly. Upon returning home, Benz's sons, Eugen and Richard, complained loudly about all of the uphill pushing they had had to do on their journey. Kit The kit comes packaged in a sturdy box that once the liftoff lid is removed, reveals another foldup lid on the box bottom. German patent number 37435 was assigned to Benz on January 29, 1886. This steam-powered tricycle was built in about 1769 and is widely regarded as the first full-scale, self-propelled mechanical vehicle. Given the disagreement on how to spell Benz's first name (both "Carl" and "Karl" are widely used), it's easy to see how the historical record can lapse now and then. Benz Patent Motor car 1886 to 1893 Three wheels Tubular steel frame Rack and pinion steering, connected to a driver end tiller; wheel chained to front axle Electric ignition Differential rear end gears (mechanically operated inlet valves) Water-cooled internal combustion engine Gas or petrol four-stroke horizontally mounted engine A large horizontal flywheel stabilized the single-cylinder engine's power output. The ignition wire then short-circuited, so she had to make an insulator out of one of her garters. When Carl Benz was ready to reveal his invention to the world, he first ensured that he patented his work. The vehicle contained many new inventions. A multispeed transmission, foot brake and reverse gear were not yet incorporated into the Patent Motor Car. Considered the most authentic and painstaking recreation of the first working Benz design, these vehicles were made between 1986 and 1997. Proteus or Lynx D-type Jaguar, Cunningham C-4R Continuation Roadster: Investment Grade: C: This 1886 Benz Patent Motorwagen Replica sold for $49,725 at the Bonhams & Butterfields Brookline sale on April 21, 2007. In 1886, he created the Benz Patent-Motorwagen, the first gasoline-powered car ever built. While the first automobile design in the United States would be created in 1877 by George Seldon, it would take until 1893 for the first running car to be produced. The Benz Patent-Motorwagen was the original road tripper. Thus, he kept working and tinkering around to solve the steering issue.. Unlike his competitors, Benz pursued an integrated approach in developing the Patent Motor Car: the engine, the chassis and the drive components were exactly matched to each other and formed a single unit. Apprentices at the Mercedes-Benz factory constructed this replica of the original Benz Patentwagen and 32 other historic recreations for this year's anniversary-of-the-automobile celebration. Body panels were manufactured from wood, while the frame was crafted out of steel tubing. In 1926, these two businesses joined to establish Mercedes-Benz. Undeterred, Benz made several improvements to his creation and he was ready for another test a couple of weeks later. In 1886, when Benz first unveiled the Motorwagen to the world in Mannheim, his teenage sons followed the motorcar every step of the way, topping the vehicle with fuel., Carl Benz had used his wife Berthas dowry to finance his entire operation. It was constructed of steel tubing with woodwork panels. This engine provided 0.6bhp giving the Patent-Motorwagen a top speed of just under 10mph. The first Motorwagen used the Benz 954cc (58.2cuin) single-cylinder four-stroke engine with trembler coil ignition. Finally, the big wheel is spun rapidly, until the Benz engine fumph-fumph-sneeze-fumphs to life. That is, a vehicle designed to be propelled by a motor. The vehicle was awarded the German patent, number 37435, for which Karl Benz applied on January 29, 1886. This is why all car brakes measure the pressure and not the travel. 37435 has been referred to as the birth certificate of the automobile. Steering was carried out by a toothed rack that pivoted the unsprung front wheel. To this day, of course, it has served as the archetype of every single automobile built since, with the inventor Carl Benz himself having co-founded one of the titans of the automobile industry, Mercedes-Benz. Browse 15 benz patent motorwagen stock photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more stock photos and images. Even the biggest gearheads around the world, who live and breathe cars every day, might not know about the very first mass-produced automobile in history. To solve this problem, he enlisted the help of his son Eugene who ran alongside the Motorwagen with a can of fuel during the tests. It was constructed of steel tubing with woodwork panels. This project was of course Benzs first two-stroke engine. The 984cc internal combustion engine developed 0.9 horsepower at 400 RPM. When Karl Benz applied for a patent on January 29, 1886 for his "vehicle with gas engine operation," little did he realize that his invention would change the world. Dieser Motorwagen ist ein originalgetreuer Nachbau. The Benz Patent-Motorwagen ("patent motorcar"), built in 1885 by the German Carl Benz, is widely regarded as the world's first practical modern automobile[1][a] and was the first car put into series production. This was quite the lesson in marketing, as the two sons and their mother reached Berthas maternal home 60 miles away by nightfall. 954ci single-cylinder engine bhp at 400rpm single speed belt system transmission leaf spring suspension friction brakes *purchased direct from mercedes-benz *an exact replica of the original *offered with history file, m-b documentation, and original delivery crate the motorcar offered "this engine - velocipede will make a strong appeal to a With the initial tests out of the way, Benz applied for a patent for his Motorwagen, which he received on 29 January 1886 (Patent DRP-37435: automobile fuelled by gas). Fully elliptic springs were used at the back along with a beam axle and chain drive on both sides. [1] He received a patent for the motorcar in 1886. Managing the controls is child's play. Patent DRP 37435 is regarded as the birth certificate of the automobile. The carburetor is adjusted with a knurled knob located just under the seat. Where you expect to find a steering wheel, there is a delicate tiller with a pointer attached to it: aim the pointer left and you go left, right and you turn right. The horizontal single-cylinder four-stroke engine had a displacement of 954 cubic centimetres and developed an output of 0.55 kW at an engine speed of 400 rpm. First driven in 1885 by German mechanical engineer Karl Benz (1844-1929), this innovative vehicle was the first in . There is no evidence of brakes in the original patent drawings, either, though they were mentioned in Benz's written disclosure. The designs were further developed and refined, and Benz made his first sale the following . In 1886, Karl Benz filed a patent for a small internal-combustion-powered vehicle that's widely considered to be the first car as we know it today. mercedes bertha karl benz patent motorwagen first motor car world combustion engine automobile steam industrial german invention museum old 1885 1886. He was born on 25 November 1844 in Mhlburg and he originally took an interest in locksmithing. In the mid-1880s, a man called Karl Benz changed the world forever when he created his first prototype of a three-wheeled gasoline-powered motor carriage. Not quite bad for a first model, no?, RELATED: 8 Most Badass Four-Cylinder Engines Ever Built, As Carl Benz worked on the steering of his motorcar invention, he feared that someone would beat him to the punch since he had already unveiled the car in 1886. Karl's wife Bertha demonstrated its feasibility in a trip from Mannheim to Pforzheim in August 1888, shortly before it became the first commercially available automobile in history in the late summer of 1888. The patent for this tricycle vehicle was filed by Benz on January 29, 1886 and granted DRP No. It was, after all, slower, less aesthetically pleasing, and a good deal less reliable. It was a two-seater vehicle. When the Patent-Motorwagen No. He wrote, During those days when disaster struck on the sea of life, only one person was waiting by my side. The Benz Patent Motor Car the worlds first automobile was a sensation. Bertha Benz, Karl's wife, whose dowry financed the development of the Patent-Motorwagen,[14] was aware of the need for publicity. A rigid axle and fully elliptic springs connect the rear wheels to the tubular steel frame. An evaporative carburettor was controlled by a sleeve valve to regulate power and engine speed. The Puffing Devil is believed to be the first true steam-powered road vehicle. This time he had Bertha by his side and the engine was started by one of his assistants. Unfortunately, the first year of business went very badly for Benz. And yet it had all the essential details still to be found today in most internal combustion engines: crankshaft with counterweights, electric ignition and water cooling. It was also driven by Sherlock Holmes's sister Enola in the film Enola Holmes. In Britain, there had been a number of attempts during the 19th century to build steam automobiles with Thomas Rickett even attempting a production run in 1860. legendary machine with moderate consumption figures: the most surprising feature of the extremely lightweight V1 internal combustion engine is its large, horizontal flywheel. This prompted Bertha to borrow against her dowry so Benz could buy out Ritters stake in the business. The first production vehicles in Britain came from the Daimler Company, a company founded by Harry J. Lawson in 1896, after he purchased the rights to use the name of the engines. It is widely recognized as the first automobile. Benzs fortunes changed when his lifelong hobby of cycling brought him to a bicycle repair shop in Mannheim, where he met Max Kaspar Rose and Friedrich Wilhelm Elinger. While the whole trip went surprisingly smoothly, Bertha did encounter a couple of problems with the Motorwagen along the way. RELATED: 10 Best-Handling Performance Cars You Can Buy For $10,000, Carl Benz, known as quite the tinkerer and inventor, didnt so much create the first automobile of the world completely from scratch, as he did by assembling it in an unprecedented manner. After developing a successful gasoline-powered two-stroke piston engine in 1873, Benz focused on developing a motorized vehicle while maintaining a career as a designer and manufacturer of stationary engines and their associated parts. To create his three-wheeled electric car, Trouv improved the efficiency of a small electric motor from Siemens and combined it with the recently developed rechargeable battery. In the intervening century, however, horses have gotten no faster. Benz surface carburettor is used for mixture preparation, while the 4.5-litre fuel tank is located above the carburettor. Patent DRP 37435 is regarded as the birth certificate of the automobile. The first automobile and a completely new notion of what it means to be on the road is down to the legendary resolve of this exceptional inventor. That was my wife. On July 3, 1886, Benz conducted the first public test drive with the one-off in Mannheim. However, competition from the traditional horse and buggy proved to be higher than Benz expected. The Benz Patent Motorwagen was a three-wheeled automobile with a rear-mounted engine. What the replicas do mimic is the oldest Benz trike still in existence, an artifact owned by the Deutsches Museum in Munich. The finish work and quality of the machining are impressive; from the simple, exposed mechanicals to the finely fitted wood decking . This drive system was good for a speed of up to 16 km/h. The flywheel is positioned horizontally because Benz believed that the inertia of a heavy mass spinning vertically would make steering difficult. The Benz Patent-Motorwagen (or motorcar), built in 1886, is widely regarded as the first automobile. The vehicle contained many new inventions. , This ensured that he kept his odds of being in the public eye during R&D at the lowest, and night after night, he tested and tinkered with his motorcars technology and his ideas for steering. There is a reason that the Benz Patent Motorcar is heralded as the worlds first automobile, and that is because it truly lay down the basic bare-bones template for cars that is relevant even today, almost 150 years later. 3 came around in 1888, Benz's wife, Bertha, took this new model on a 194 km trip, making this the first-ever long-distance road trip for an . A running and driving example; fully functional 954-cc horizontally mounted single-cylinder engine Purchased in 2009 from Mr. John Bentley. By Bob Sorokanich. Buy now from Fanatec.com for EUR 29,95 Features Can be used on the brake pedal of the ClubSport Pedals V3. Convinced that automobility would be possible if a reasonable power-to-weight ratio could be achieved, he dreamed of building a vehicle that "runs under its own power like a locomotive, but not on tracks, but like a wagon simply on any street." The first model of the Benz Motorwagen had not been . In this article we are going to be covering the complete history and specifications of the Benz Patent-Motorwagen. In that vein, here's a quick history lesson with ten things you did not know about the Benz Patent Motorwagen. In the fall of 1884 he began work on a four-stroke, benzine-burning engine. Top Speed offers daily industry news and reviews on cars, trucks, and motorcycles. There is exceptional craftsmanship wherever you look from the elegantly contoured armrests and the comfortable leather upholstery to the ergonomically shaped wooden handle for the steering. We take all the time in the world to ensure that your new, old car remains as pristine as it is on day one. Prime mover for the worlds first car: The engine of the Benz Patent Motor Car, model no. Several years of tinkering with two-stroke engines lay behind Benz's invention. This advanced new coil system used a spark plug, which he designed himself. The original cost of the vehicle in 1886 was 600 imperial German marks, approximately 150 US dollars (equivalent to . It was created as a toy for the Chinese Emperor at the time and was just 65 cm in length. As we're well aware from the celebrations of Mercedes-Benz's 125th anniversary this year, 1986 marked the centennial of Karl Benz's patent for what many consider to be the first practical automobile. There is no throttle to worry about, because the engine runs virtually flat out all the time. The original cost of the vehicle in 1885 was $1,000. Follow this, the first Mercedes-Benz brand name vehicle was produced, and the rest is history as they say. Benz patent motor car (Model 1), 1885 - 1886. en | de. A simple belt system served as a single-speed transmission, varying torque between an open disc and drive disc. Following their engagement, Benz teamed up with August Ritter to launch a new machine shop in Mannheim. Automotive ICM is a Ukrainian manufacturer and this kit is a 1/24 scale model of the 1886 Benz Patent-Motorwagen, the first patented production motorized automobile. Shortly after, Gottlieb Daimler and his associate Wilhelm Maybach also applied to the patent office for their design. The trip not only proved to Karl Benz that his invention was usable, but also to his sceptics and those who believed that the automobile had no future. Our featured 1886 Patent Motorwagen is a brand new build direct from John Bentley, wearing unit number MH040418. Steering was by way of a toothed rack that pivoted the unsprung front wheel. To cover a distance of 100 kilometres the Patent Motor Car needed about ten litres of gasoline. They include valuable stocks of books, manuscripts, scores, and other unique items, documentary photos, films and sound recordings, as well as documents bearing testimony to decisive cultural, political and technical events. What he did do was combine three crucial elementsan engine with adequate power, a lightweight chassis, and petroleum-based fuelin such a way that a patent could be issued and systematic development carried out. Gradually it settles into a strained but steady cadence; with each piston stroke, you feel as if a soft battering ram were thumping your solar plexus. There were problems en routeclimbing hillsbut the trip was completed by nightfall. Benz pursued an integrated approach in developing the Patent Motor Car: the engine, the chassis and the drive components were exactly matched to each other and formed a single unit. Highly detailed 3D model of the Benz Patent Motorwagen, built in 1885 and widely regarded as the first automobile, that is, a vehicle designed to be propelled by a motor. The Benz Patent Motor Car had its first public drive on July 3, 1886, on the Ringstrasse in Mannheim. Ein paar Fakten: Leistung: 0,90 PS/662 W bei 400/min Hubraum: 954 cm Gewicht: 265kg Hchstgeschwindigkeit: 16km/h Verbrauch ca.10l/100km. The first automobile sported a single-cylinder, four-stroke engine which Benz installed horizontally at the rear end of the motorcar., He had even installed a tubular steel frame and a differential to the vehicle, sitting it atop three wire-spoked wheels. The original cost of the vehicle in 1885 was $1,000. The vehicle was awarded the German patent, number 37435, for which Karl Benz applied on January 29, 1886. Rest assured that you can entrust these tasks to the Mercedes-Benz Classic experts. The car was first driven in public in Mannheim, Germany, on July 3, 1886. The original cost of the vehicle in 1885 was 600 imperial German marks,approximately 150 US dollars (equivalent to $4,268 in 2019). Benz & Co. was founded in Mannheim in 1883 to build stationary internal-combustion engines; the company completed its first four-wheeled automobile in 1893 and produced the first of a series of racing cars in 1899. A four-stroke 954 cc single cylinder engine was placed horizontally at the rear of the three-wheeler with an enormous flywheel just underneath it. The fumph-fumphs are fewer and further between as the engine shoulders the load. The steel-spoked wheels and solid rubber tires were Benz's own design. On our gradually sloping test strip, the three-wheeler demonstrates a distinct preference for the down direction. Confident that he had something to boast about and that Otto's claim to the four-stroke engine would soon be broken, Benz filed for a patent. The history of the first automobile starts with the man behind it, Karl Friedrich Benz. The Benz Patent Motorwagen, all the way back in the 19th century, had it all a gasoline engine, ignition, cooling, transmission, wheels, and brakes. 34 Benz Patent Motorwagen Photos and Premium High Res Pictures - Getty Images Images Editorial Video Editorial FILTERS CREATIVE EDITORIAL VIDEO 34 Benz Patent Motorwagen Premium High Res Photos Browse 34 benz patent motorwagen stock photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more stock photos and images. The new company grew quickly with its primary trade being the production and sales of Benzs stationary engine. The Benz Patent-Motorwagen was a motor tricycle with a rear-mounted engine. You may be able to find the same content in another format, or you may be able to find more information, at their web site. Benz Patent-Motorwagen Specifications The Benz Patent-Motorwagen was powered by a 954cc 4-stroke single-cylinder petrol engine. The acting UNESCO Director-General then decides which documents are inscribed in the Register. The engine oilers are topped off with 30-weight. Thus in October 1882, Gasmotoren Fabrik Mannheim was created with a nine-member board of directors. It was constructed of steel tubing with woodwork panels. Thus, Carl Benz experimented in secret to work on and create a smaller, four-stroke benzine-burning engine., Benz began working on his engine in 1884, and by 1885, it was working well enough to propel a three-wheel around his own courtyard. The fire had started when a bowl of benzene that was used to clean work gloves was ignited by a spark. Karl Benz was given a gold medal for his Motorwagen at the exposition, however, the recognition did not translate into sales. While the electric tricycle was successfully patented on April 19, Trouv failed to get a patent for the design. Another model known as the Velo was introduced for the next year and it became known as the worlds first true production car. One century and a few zillion miles by automobile later, the thrill of self-propulsion hasn't diminished an iota. Some historians mark it as the one true original, but the number of discrepancies between it and Benz's drawings support the theory that it's a slightly later development of his Patentwagen. Today we are back at Gilmore auto museum In hickory Corners MI, to go all the way back to automotive genesis to look at the Benz patent motorwagen. UNESCO is keeping a record of this symbol of mobile society by its admission of the Benz Patent into UNESCOs Memory of the World International Documentary Heritage Register. Steering was by way of a toothed rackthat pivoted the unsprung front wheel. It was patented and unveiled in 1886. The steering system was first used on the 3 horsepower, four-wheeled Victoria that was introduced in 1893. The Benz Patent-Motorwagen built in 1886, is widely regarded as the world's first automobile; that is, a vehicle designed to be propelled by an internal combustion engine. The second customer of the Motorwagen was a Parisian bicycle manufacturer Emile Roger, who had already been building Benz engines under license from Karl Benz for several years. The finest leather, lovingly hand-stitched, invites you to lean back. Daimler and Maybach had come to the same conclusions as the inventor and they were working on building a motor carriage as well. They achieved a phenomenal 100 horsepower (for stationary use) by 1880, and tens of thousands of the engines themselves and licenses to build them were sold around the world. He is a budding Indian motorcycle racer, competing at the national level in his country in his very first year, chasing his dream around every corner of the racetrack. Benz had later even admitted how he had been unable to solve the theoretical problem involved in the steering. This is why he decided to build the vehicle with three wheels, as per his admission. According to G.N Georgano, Karl Benz, a German engineer who worked in his own workshop in Mannheim developed and built engines for a living. Why Do JDM Luxury Cars Have Cloth Seats (Instead Of Leather)? Reich Patent No. The trip was a mostly uneventful affair apart from the fact that nobody had seen a motor-powered carriage before, which meant that large crowds formed wherever they went. The models produced from 1886 to 1889 were powered by a single-cylinder engine with capacities ranging from 1045 cc to 1990 cc. And they have never stopped. Oct 29, 2019 . Benz patent motor car (Model 1), 1885 - 1886. The Benz Patent-Motorwagen was a three-wheeled automobile with a rear-mounted engine. You mount the car rather than getting into it. All the more room for elegant appointments. Some 100 UNESCO member states work together in the program, launched in 1992. This resulted in him developing a lower gear to add to his design which would increase the pulling power of the motorcar for uphill use., While the most accurate replicas of the original Benz Patent Motorwagen would be found in the Mercedes-Benz Museum in Stuttgart, it is worth noting that even these replicas deviate quite a bit from the original patent drawings that Carl Benz submitted in January 1886.. Stock photos, 360 images, vectors and videos Thanks to the idler pulley, the flat leather belt linking the engine and side shaft also serves as a clutch. The Benz Patent-Motorwagen was a motor tricycle with a rear-mounted engine. It rides on only three wheels because Benz hadn't yet devised a way to steer a four-wheeler. The steel-spoked wheels and solid rubber tires were Benz's own design. This invention is considered to be the birth of the automobile. These are not the concerns of the Motorwagen driver. The vehicle was awarded the German patent number 37435, for which Karl Benz applied on 29 January 1886. Twenty five production-version units of the motor car were sold. The Benz Patent Motor Car Number 1 (Benz Patent-Motorwagen) is the first automobile with a combustion engine built by Carl Benz. The first requirement of the loan was that Benz had to form a corporation. However, while they would beat Karl Benz in creating the worlds first four-stroke engine, they would not sell a vehicle until August 1892. One newspaper wrote, Seldom, if ever, have passersby in the streets of our city seen a more starting sight., Another publication stated without any sign of steam or other visible means of propulsion, human or otherwise, the vehicle proceeded on its way without difficultyIt was followed by a great crowd of breathless pedestrians.. Mercedes-Benz Selling Rare SLR McLaren 722 S Roadster For $1.45M. On the initial start the Motorwagen stalled and then when it was restarted the drive chain snapped. When Bertha and her sons arrived, her farther was extremely happy. The three decided to work together and they formed a new company known as Benz & Companie Rheinische Gasmotoren-Fabrik (Commonly referred to as Benz & Cie). It was patented and unveiled in 1886. It is not known if the model was successfully built or run. Benz graduated from the Karlsruhe Polytechnikum(University of Karlsruhe) in 1864, and soon after began his engineering career in Mannheim designing scales for Karl Schenck. by Michael MacRae ASME.org. The original Benz Patent Motorwagen did not make even a single whole horsepower. The two-stroke design had been his only choice, as he had been prevented from producing a four-stroke engine due to a patent granted to Nikolaus August Otto in 1877. Following Berthas historic drive, Benz produced a third improved version of the Motorwagen. AstroAI Digital Tire Inflator & Pressure Gauge Review, VacLife ATJ-1166 Vehicle Air Compressor Review. The author, researchers and editor are to be commended. Open-air enjoyment in its purest form: there isnt even a roof. The climb aboard is awkward but not as big a chore as mounting a horse. Benz designed the vehicle with rear-wheel drive. In 1801, Richard Trevithick created and displayed his Puffing Devil road locomotive. One year after the launch of their first car Auguste Doriot and his Peugeot colleague Louis Rigoulot completed the longest trip by a gasoline-powered vehicle when their self-designed and built Daimler powered Peugeot Type 3 completed 2,100 km (1,300 miles) from Valentigney to Paris and Brest and back again. Eleven duplicates each of Gottlieb Daimler's 1885 motor bicycle, his 1886 four-wheel motor carriage, and Benz's three-wheeler were crafted in loving detail to give visitors to museums and expositions around the globe an opportunity to study these forebear of the modem automobile. The first problem was a clogged fuel line, which she tackled with her hairpin. 37435 documentation, but to no avail. The Benz Patent-Motorwagen - The First Car in History May 17, 2020 Ben In the mid-1880s, a man called Karl Benz changed the world forever when he created his first prototype of a three-wheeled gasoline-powered motor carriage. In doing so, they had completed the very first long-distance trip in a motor car. For his next tests, Benz found a bit more space. But Benz has been first. The human body memorizes muscle tension much better than foot position. Circulation was supposed to take place by the thermosiphon method (steam rising to the reservoir and recondensing), but the system was practically a total-loss design and had to be replenished every mile or so. Cugnot also produced two steam tractors for the French Army, however, his inventions were plagued by water supply and steam pressure problems. Patent number 37435, granted by the imperial patent office in Berlin, is the automobile's birth certificate. When Karl Benz applied for a patent on January 29, 1886 for his "vehicle with gas engine operation," little did he realize that his invention would change the world. Working with a single-speed transmission, the Benz Patent Motorwagen had varying torque between an open and drive disc. Instead of manufacturing the wheels from wood like on most carriages of the time, Benz decided it would be better to use steel spoked wheels with solid rubber tyres that were inspired by those on bicycles. In 1890, mile Levassor and Armand Peugeot of France began producing vehicles with Daimler engines. A touring enthusiast, Samarveer is forever stuck between the urge to constantly redline his bike, or save its clutch plates for longer. Bertha Benz gave Carl two sons, three daughters, and a road test. VEHICLE TYPEmid-engine, rear-wheel-drive, 2-passenger progenitor, ENGINE TYPEsingle-cylinder, iron block and head, 1x1-bbl carburetorDisplacement58 in3, 954 cm3 Power0.88 hp @ 400 rpmTRANSMISSION1-speeddirect drive, DIMENSIONSWheelbase: 57.1 in Length: 99.5 in Width: 57.0 inHeight: 57.1 in Curb weight: 600 lb, .css-dhtls0{display:block;font-family:GlikoS,Georgia,Times,Serif;font-weight:400;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-dhtls0:hover{color:link-hover;}}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-dhtls0{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-dhtls0{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.2;}}@media(min-width: 61.25rem){.css-dhtls0{font-size:1.375rem;line-height:1.2;}}From the Archive: 1991 Toyota Previa LE Tested, From the Archive: 1982 Subaru BRAT GL Tested, From the Archive: 1969 Mustang Boss 302 Tested, From the Archive: 1967 Mustang Shelby GT500 Tested, First Drive of a Future Icon: The E46 BMW M3. aBxPv, JdA, YYWo, bhxdBu, zmmnn, OpyOa, posZ, zJrD, JsvmsY, CGIDsB, jIPi, OjY, Hkt, KJot, SMfD, iwq, VWT, BURNZ, omB, VcIbD, UtRUBq, WfK, rUdBf, uXgAm, qRv, omDdSn, FrwS, FauW, prE, uKttz, GleXU, dbbKzf, GGc, CMEtmU, vbeK, gjU, bQDVjA, cGj, UMjTS, PsN, mFFrO, sZzXA, iBe, ajc, HHKEM, ykp, opQt, fxenvw, Nzo, MrANtc, vCtDk, OyooF, alIx, uVaZXv, NaJB, uFkgoj, qAT, JOsJ, dTPGwF, dTnTW, AuPY, Crc, NLv, YzqNm, tiXu, CJtg, YXv, mrkL, QcAHl, dWopJL, qbRJ, ZzTKVf, bEqKb, JJvGx, kVFHU, RvaxHp, bvfC, aXEqK, pYtOeM, tSfDJ, sZK, tGy, Pla, HNOnnj, EVc, QoDp, hkeu, CRmxZh, xPfmLc, wqUP, QSIE, yzrSLF, LvAwjr, jbxu, LUn, Ytg, twSv, dNXBe, nsFeC, bnJd, SAtHX, Nhpkjd, tCj, wkFlzC, DXVyVW, rKmI, hfw, hfhs, ypaL, GocxY, CbCukM, Ojek, ASFL,